Joining Group

Abbr

African_Feh

Count

1

African Feh is a joining group for the Arabic letter Feh with African variants, used in scripts like Hausa and Wolof.

Abbr

African_Noon

Count

1

African Noon is a joining group value indicating the letter noon’s contextual shaping behavior in Arabic script, used for scripts like Wolof and Hausa.

Abbr

African_Qaf

Count

2

African Qaf is a joining group that defines how the Arabic letter Qaf connects in African scripts, with a unique medial form.

Abbr

Ain

Count

9

Ain is a joining group value indicating that a character connects to adjacent letters in cursive scripts, typically representing the Arabic letter ع.

Abbr

Alaph

Count

1

Alaph is the joining group for Syriac Alaph, indicating its isolated, initial, medial, or final connection behavior in cursive text.

Abbr

Alef

Count

29

Alef is the joining group value for the Arabic letter alef, which connects only to preceding characters in cursive script.

Abbr

Beh

Count

27

Beh is a joining group value for the Arabic letter beh, used to define cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

Beth

Count

2

Beth is a joining group value that defines how the Arabic letter beh connects, shaping its initial, medial, and final forms in cursive script.

Abbr

Burushaski_Yeh_Barree

Count

2

Burushaski Yeh Barree is a joining group for a letter that connects only to the right, typically used in Burushaski.

Abbr

Crown_Ain

Count

2

Abbr

Crown_Beh

Count

6

Abbr

Crown_Feh

Count

2

Abbr

Crown_Hah

Count

3

Abbr

Crown_Heh

Count

1

Abbr

Crown_Kaf

Count

1

Abbr

Crown_Meem

Count

1

Abbr

Crown_Sad

Count

2

Abbr

Crown_Seen

Count

2

Abbr

Crown_Tah

Count

2

Abbr

Dal

Count

16

Dal is a joining group value indicating the Arabic letter dal and its variants, which connect conditionally in cursive script.

Abbr

Dalath_Rish

Count

4

Dalath Rish is a joining group value for the Syriac letter Dalath and its variant Rish, indicating cursive connection behavior.

Abbr

E

Count

1

E is the joining group for Arabic script letters that connect to both sides, like the letter heh.

Abbr

Farsi_Yeh

Count

7

Farsi Yeh is a joining group that links letters in cursive scripts, specifically shaping initial and medial forms of the Persian Yeh character.

Abbr

Fe

Count

1

Fe is the joining group for the Arabic letter feh, used in script shaping for connecting forms in cursive text.

Abbr

Feh

Count

10

Feh is a joining group used for the Arabic letter feh, defining its contextual connection behavior in scripts like Arabic and Syriac.

Abbr

Final_Semkath

Count

1

Final Semkath is the joining group value for the Syriac letter Semkath, used in cursive script shaping when it appears in final position.

Abbr

Gaf

Count

17

Gaf is a Joining Group value representing the Arabic letter gaf, used to define cursive joining behavior for that character in text shaping.

Abbr

Gamal

Count

3

Gamal is a joining group for Arabic letters, shaping initial, medial, and final forms based on context.

Abbr

Hah

Count

22

Hah is a joining group value for the Arabic letter heh, indicating how it connects to adjacent characters in cursive script rendering.

Abbr

Hanifi_Rohingya_Kinna_Ya

Count

4

Hanifi Rohingya Kinna Ya is a joining group value that defines how the letter connects to adjacent characters in cursive scripts.

Abbr

Hanifi_Rohingya_Pa

Count

3

Hanifi Rohingya Pa is a cursive joining group that connects letters within words using a specific initial, medial, and final form.

Abbr

He

Count

1

He is used for the Arabic letter Heh, linking it to following letters in cursive scripts like Arabic and Syriac.

Abbr

Heh

Count

1

Heh is a joining group used for the Arabic letter heh, linking it contextually in cursive script forms.

Abbr

Heh_Goal

Count

2

Heh Goal is a joining group used for the Arabic letter heh with a curved or detached initial form.

Abbr

Heth

Count

1

Heth is a joining group value indicating that a character connects to both sides in Arabic script, except when following another Heth.

Abbr

Kaf

Count

7

Kaf is a joining group value that defines how the Arabic letter Kaf connects to adjacent characters in cursive text rendering.

Abbr

Kaph

Count

1

Kaph is a joining group value for Hebrew letters, indicating their connected or isolated forms in cursive script contexts.

Abbr

Kashmiri_Yeh

Count

1

Kashmiri Yeh is a joining group that defines how the letter Yeh behaves in connected Arabic script, linking only to preceding characters.

Abbr

Khaph

Count

1

Khaph is a joining group value indicating the Hebrew character Kaph, used to define cursive connectivity in script shaping.

Abbr

Knotted_Heh

Count

2

Knotted Heh is a joining group value for certain Arabic script characters, indicating a specific contextual shaping behavior in cursive text.

Abbr

Lam

Count

8

Lam is a joining group value indicating the Arabic letter lam, which connects to adjacent characters in cursive scripts based on its joining behavior.

Abbr

Lamadh

Count

1

Lamadh is the joining group value for the Arabic letter Lam, used in cursive script shaping and text rendering.

Abbr

Malayalam_Bha

Count

1

Malayalam Bha is a joining group value used for shaping the Malayalam letter Bha in cursive text connections.

Abbr

Malayalam_Ja

Count

1

Malayalam Ja is a joining group value used for the Malayalam letter JA, indicating it connects in cursive text forms.

Abbr

Malayalam_Lla

Count

1

Malayalam Lla is a joining group for the Malayalam letter lla, used in shaping and connecting forms within the script.

Abbr

Malayalam_Llla

Count

1

Malayalam Llla is a joining group that defines how the Malayalam letter llla connects or ligates with adjacent characters in script shaping.

Abbr

Malayalam_Nga

Count

1

Malayalam Nga is a joining group assigned to the Malayalam letter nga, indicating its contextual shaping behavior in cursive scripts.

Abbr

Malayalam_Nna

Count

1

Malayalam Nna is a joining group value that signifies the glyph shape and medial or final joining behavior of the Malayalam letter Nna in script shaping.

Abbr

Malayalam_Nnna

Count

1

Malayalam Nnna is a joining group used for the Malayalam letter nnna, which connects to adjacent characters in cursive text shaping.

Abbr

Malayalam_Nya

Count

1

Malayalam Nya is a joining group value indicating the Malayalam letter Nya forms a conjunct without initial or medial joining forms.

Abbr

Malayalam_Ra

Count

1

Malayalam Ra is a joining group value that shapes the letter Ra in Malayalam script with contextual forms for initial, medial, and final positions.

Abbr

Malayalam_Ssa

Count

1

Malayalam Ssa is a joining group that represents the Malayalam letter ssa, used in shaping and connecting Arabic script characters.

Abbr

Malayalam_Tta

Count

1

Malayalam Tta is a joining group value that classifies the character as a right-joining consonant in Malayalam script.

Abbr

Manichaean_Aleph

Count

1

Manichaean Aleph is a Joining Group value representing the initial, medial, or isolated forms of the Manichaean script’s first letter.

Abbr

Manichaean_Ayin

Count

2

Manichaean Ayin is a joining group value representing the letter Ayin in Manichaean script, used for shaping cursive connections between characters.

Abbr

Manichaean_Beth

Count

2

Manichaean Beth is a joining group value that defines how the Manichaean letter Beth connects to adjacent characters in cursive text rendering.

Abbr

Manichaean_Daleth

Count

1

Manichaean Daleth is the joining group value for the Manichaean letter daleth, used to define cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

Manichaean_Dhamedh

Count

1

Manichaean Dhamedh is a joining group value that defines how this letter connects to adjacent characters in cursive scripts.

Abbr

Manichaean_Five

Count

1

Manichaean Five is a Joining Group value representing the letter 'Five' in Manichaean script, used for cursive text shaping and connection behavior.

Abbr

Manichaean_Gimel

Count

2

Manichaean Gimel is a cursive joining group value that defines the isolated, initial, medial, and final glyph forms for the letter Gimel in Manichaean script.

Abbr

Manichaean_Heth

Count

1

Manichaean Heth is a Joining Group value indicating the letter's cursive connection behavior in Manichaean script, shaping initial, medial, or final forms.

Abbr

Manichaean_Hundred

Count

1

Manichaean Hundred is a joining group value that shapes the isolated, initial, medial, and final forms of the Manichaean letter hundred.

Abbr

Manichaean_Kaph

Count

3

Manichaean Kaph is a joining group value indicating a specific letterform’s cursive connection behavior, used for shaping in scripts like Manichaean.

Abbr

Manichaean_Lamedh

Count

1

Manichaean Lamedh is a joining group value used for script shaping, indicating the letter's connection behavior in cursive text.

Abbr

Manichaean_Mem

Count

1

Manichaean Mem is a joining group value that defines how the letter Mem connects to adjacent characters in Manichaean script.

Abbr

Manichaean_Nun

Count

1

Manichaean Nun is a joining group that defines the script-specific cursive connection behavior for the Manichaean letter nun, enabling correct text shaping.

Abbr

Manichaean_One

Count

1

Manichaean One is a joining group that shapes the isolated form of the Manichaean numeral one, mimicking its cursive script connection behavior.

Abbr

Manichaean_Pe

Count

2

Manichaean Pe is a joining group value that defines the script-specific cursive connection behavior for the Manichaean letter Pe, ensuring correct text shaping.

Abbr

Manichaean_Qoph

Count

3

Manichaean Qoph is a joining group value indicating the letter's cursive connection behavior in Manichaean script, shaping initial, medial, and final forms.

Abbr

Manichaean_Resh

Count

1

Manichaean Resh is a joining group value indicating a letter that connects to both sides, shaped like the Syriac resh.

Abbr

Manichaean_Sadhe

Count

1

Manichaean Sadhe is a joining group value indicating the letter's cursive connection behavior, typically linking to adjacent characters in Manichaean script.

Abbr

Manichaean_Samekh

Count

1

Manichaean Samekh is a joining group value indicating how the Manichaean letter Samekh connects to adjacent letters in cursive script contexts.

Abbr

Manichaean_Taw

Count

1

Manichaean Taw is a joining group value indicating the letter Taw in Manichaean script connects in cursive text.

Abbr

Manichaean_Ten

Count

1

Manichaean Ten is a joining group value indicating the letter's cursive connection behavior in Manichaean script, used for shaping forms in connected text.

Abbr

Manichaean_Teth

Count

1

Manichaean Teth is a joining group value used for the Manichaean letter Teth, indicating its script-specific connection behavior in text shaping.

Abbr

Manichaean_Thamedh

Count

1

Manichaean Thamedh is a joining group value indicating a letter that connects medially in cursive script, with a right joining behavior.

Abbr

Manichaean_Twenty

Count

1

Manichaean Twenty is a joining group value for the Manichaean numeral twenty, shaping cursive connection behavior in scripts like Manichaean.

Abbr

Manichaean_Waw

Count

1

Manichaean Waw is a joining group value indicating the letter Waw in the Manichaean script, used for its contextual joining behavior.

Abbr

Manichaean_Yodh

Count

1

Manichaean Yodh is a joining group value that assigns the letter yodh its specific cursive connection behavior in Manichaean script.

Abbr

Manichaean_Zayin

Count

2

Manichaean Zayin is a joining group value representing the Manichaean letter Zayin, which connects only to preceding characters in script shaping.

Abbr

Meem

Count

4

Meem is a joining group value indicating the Arabic letter meem’s connected script behavior, used to shape cursive text rendering.

Abbr

Mim

Count

1

Mim is a joining group value that indicates a character connects to adjacent letters with a specific, rounded medial form in Arabic script contexts.

Abbr

No_Joining_Group

Count

309963

No Joining Group is the default value for characters that exhibit no cursive joining behavior, such as spaces, digits, and punctuation.

Abbr

Noon

Count

10

Noon is a joining group value representing the Arabic letter noon, used for shaping and connecting characters in scripts like Arabic.

Abbr

Nun

Count

1

Nun is a joining group value for Arabic script letters, specifically marking the medial and final forms of the letter noon.

Abbr

Nya

Count

1

Nya is a joining group for Arabic letters like Yeh, representing a specific cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

Pe

Count

1

Pe is a Joining Group value representing the Persian letter Peh, used for cursive text shaping in scripts like Arabic.

Abbr

Qaf

Count

6

Qaf is a joining group value used to define the cursive connection behavior of Arabic letter Qaf in text shaping.

Abbr

Qaph

Count

1

Qaph is a joining group value for Syriac and related scripts, indicating initial, medial, or final letter connections.

Abbr

Reh

Count

19

Reh is a joining group that links Arabic script letters like Rāʼ into cursive forms, affecting how they connect in rendered text.

Abbr

Reversed_Pe

Count

1

Reversed Pe is a joining group value indicating a final or isolated form for the Arabic letter Pe, used in Persian and other scripts.

Abbr

Rohingya_Yeh

Count

1

Rohingya Yeh is a joining group value representing the Rohingya letter Yeh, which connects with adjacent letters in cursive script.

Abbr

Sad

Count

6

Sad is the joining group for Arabic letter Sad, indicating it connects only on its right side in cursive script.

Abbr

Sadhe

Count

1

Sadhe is a joining group value representing the Arabic letter sad, used for contextual shaping in scripts like Arabic and Syriac.

Abbr

Seen

Count

11

Seen is the joining group for Arabic letter seen, defining its cursive connection behavior in scripts like Arabic and Syriac.

Abbr

Semkath

Count

1

Semkath is a joining group for the Syriac letter Semkath, defining its contextual connection behavior in scripts.

Abbr

Shin

Count

1

Shin is a joining group that links Arabic and Syriac scripts, shaping initial, medial, and final forms with a rightward connection.

Abbr

Straight_Waw

Count

1

Straight Waw is a joining group value for the Arabic letter Waw, used in cursive script connections without a rightward link.

Abbr

Swash_Kaf

Count

1

Swash Kaf is a calligraphic form of the Arabic letter Kaf, used in cursive or decorative contexts, with isolated joining behavior.

Abbr

Syriac_Waw

Count

1

Syriac Waw is a joining group that represents the Syriac letter Waw, influencing how it connects to adjacent characters in script shaping.

Abbr

Tah

Count

7

Tah is a joining group value used for the Arabic letter Tah, defining its cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

Taw

Count

1

Taw is a joining group value for the Syriac letter Taw, indicating its cursive connecting behavior in Arabic and Syriac scripts.

Abbr

Teh_Marbuta

Count

3

Teh Marbuta is a joining group that connects Arabic letters in a specific way, often used in word-final forms.

Abbr

Teh_Marbuta_Goal

Count

1

Teh Marbuta Goal is a joining group that connects Arabic letters in a specific cursive form, used for the final rounded “h” shape.

Abbr

Teth

Count

2

Teth is a joining group value indicating a character’s cursive connection behavior, used for shaping Arabic-script text like Teth letters.

Abbr

Thin_Noon

Count

1

Thin Noon is a joining group for Arabic letter Noon, used to define how characters connect in cursive scripts.

Abbr

Thin_Yeh

Count

1

Thin Yeh is the joining group for the Arabic letter Yeh, indicating it connects only to preceding characters in cursive script.

Abbr

Vertical_Tail

Count

1

Vertical Tail is a joining group value that defines a specific script’s letterform shape, used to control cursive text connections in shaping processes.

Abbr

Waw

Count

16

Waw is a joining group for Arabic letter Waw, indicating it connects only to preceding letters in cursive script.

Abbr

Yeh

Count

11

Yeh is a joining group that connects Arabic letters, like Yeh, in cursive script forms.

Abbr

Yeh_Barree

Count

2

Yeh Barree is a joining group for the Arabic letter beh, used in scripts like Urdu to connect medial and final forms.

Abbr

Yeh_With_Tail

Count

1

Yeh With Tail is a joining group for the Arabic letter yeh, affecting cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

Yudh

Count

1

Yudh is a letterform variant used in writing systems like Gurmukhi, representing a distinct joining shape for the character.

Abbr

Yudh_He

Count

1

Yudh He is a joining group value that represents the Arabic letter Heh with a medial or initial form, altering its connected script behavior.

Abbr

Zain

Count

1

Zain is a joining group value for Arabic letters, indicating their initial, medial, or final cursive connection behavior in text shaping.

Abbr

Zhain

Count

1

Zhain is a joining group that connects Arabic script letters in a cursive, linked form, specifically for the letter Zhain.

Abbr

BAA

Count

0

BAA is a joining group used for letters of the Arabic script, specifically for the shape and connection behavior of the letter beh.

Abbr

FA

Count

0

FA is a joining group value indicating the Arabic letter feh, used to shape characters in cursive script connections.

Abbr

HAA

Count

0

HAA is a joining group used for the isolated or initial forms of the Arabic letter heh in scripts like Arabic and Syriac.

Abbr

HA_GOAL

Count

0

HA GOAL is a joining group value identifying the Arabic letter heh with a specific contextual form, used for precise cursive shaping.

Abbr

HA

Count

0

HA is a joining group value indicating the Arabic letter heh, used for cursive script connections in shaping behavior.

Abbr

CAF

Count

0

CAF is the joining group for the Arabic letter Kaf, used to define contextual shaping behavior in cursive scripts.

Abbr

KNOTTED_HA

Count

0

KNOTTED HA is a joining group value used for the Arabic letter heh, indicating a specific cursive connection behavior in script shaping.

Abbr

RA

Count

0

RA is a joining group value that defines the contextual shaping behavior of letters in Arabic-script text, specifically for the character reh.

Abbr

SWASH_CAF

Count

0

SWASH CAF is a joining group value for Arabic script letters, defining how they connect to adjacent characters with a swash-like form.

Abbr

HAMZAH_ON_HA_GOAL

Count

0

HAMZAH ON HA GOAL is a joining group value used for the Arabic letter heh with a hamza above, defining its cursive connection behavior.

Abbr

TAA_MARBUTAH

Count

0

TAA MARBUTAH is a joining group that links Arabic letters in a word, specifically shaping the final form of the feminine suffix.

Abbr

YA_BARREE

Count

0

YA BARREE is a joining group value that indicates a letter connects only to the preceding character, not the following one.

Abbr

YA

Count

0

YA is a Joining Group value for the Arabic letter Yeh, indicating its dual joining behavior as both right and left connecting.

Abbr

ALEF_MAQSURAH

Count

0

ALEF MAQSURAH is a joining group value indicating an Arabic letter that connects only to preceding characters, with no connection to following ones.