U+2211 "∑" N-Ary Summation Unicode Character
Unicode Version 17.0
∑
U+2211 "∑" N-Ary Summation is a mathematical symbol that represents the operation of summing a sequence of numbers, typically used in fields such as calculus, statistics, and algebra to denote the total of a series of terms. Originating from the Greek letter sigma, this character replaces the word "sum" in compact notation, often appearing with lower and upper limits to indicate the starting and ending points of the series. For example, the expression ∑_{i=1}^{n} a_i means the sum of all values a_i from i equals 1 to n. Its inclusion in Unicode allows for consistent digital representation and use across multiple platforms and programming languages.
General Properties
| Code Point | U+2211 |
| Version Added | 1.1 |
| Name | N-Ary Summation |
| Block | Mathematical Operators |
| General Category | Math Symbol |
| Canonical Combining Class | Not Reordered |
| Bidirectional Class | Other Neutral |
| Mirrored | Yes |
Encodings
| HTML Decimal Encoding | ∑ |
| HTML Hex Encoding | ∑ |
| UTF-8 Encoding | 0xE2 0x88 0x91 |
| UTF-16 Encoding | 0x2211 |
| UTF-32 Encoding | 0x00002211 |
| C/C++/Java Escape | \u2211 |