U+221D "∝" Proportional To Unicode Character

Unicode Version 17.0

U+221D "∝" Proportional To is a mathematical symbol representing a proportional relationship between two quantities, signifying that one value changes in direct relation to another, typically expressed as "y ∝ x" meaning y is directly proportional to x. Originating from mathematical notation, it is often used in algebra, physics, and engineering to denote linear scaling without specifying a constant of proportionality. The symbol resembles an infinity sign (∞) but with one side truncated, emphasizing a direct correlation rather than an infinite bound. It is primarily employed in equations and formulas to indicate that as one variable increases or decreases, the other does the same by a constant factor.

General Properties

Code Point U+221D
Version Added 1.1
Name Proportional To
Block Mathematical Operators
General Category Math Symbol
Canonical Combining Class Not Reordered
Bidirectional Class Other Neutral
Mirrored Yes

Encodings

HTML Decimal Encoding ∝
HTML Hex Encoding ∝
UTF-8 Encoding 0xE2 0x88 0x9D
UTF-16 Encoding 0x221D
UTF-32 Encoding 0x0000221D
C/C++/Java Escape \u221d

Unicode Properties

NFC Quick Check Yes
NFD Quick Check Yes
NFKC Quick Check Yes
NFKD Quick Check Yes
Numeric Type None
Numeric Value NaN
Line Break Ambiguous (Alphabetic or Ideographic)
East Asian Width Ambiguous
Script Common
Script Extensions Common
Indic Syllabic Category Other
Pattern Syntax Yes
Math Yes
Vertical Orientation Rotated
Grapheme Base Yes
Grapheme Cluster Break Other
Word Break Other
Sentence Break Other