U+03FA "Ϻ" Greek Capital Letter San Unicode Character

U+03FA "Ϻ" Greek Capital Letter San is a historical letter of the Greek alphabet that was used primarily in the Archaic period, representing a sound similar to the voiceless alveolar sibilant, often transcribed as "s". It originates from the Phoenician letter Tsade, and its form is distinct from the more common sigma, featuring a shape resembling a modern capital "M" or a stylized double curve. San was used in various Greek dialects, most notably in Dorian inscriptions, but it gradually fell out of use as sigma became the standard letter for the /s/ sound, making it an obsolete character in classical and modern Greek.

General Properties

Code Point	U+03FA
Version Added	4.0
Name	Greek Capital Letter San
Block	Greek and Coptic
General Category	Uppercase Letter
Canonical Combining Class	Not Reordered
Bidirectional Class	Left To Right

Encodings

HTML Decimal Encoding	Ϻ
HTML Hex Encoding	Ϻ
UTF-8 Encoding	0xCF 0xBA
UTF-16 Encoding	0x03FA
UTF-32 Encoding	0x000003FA
C/C++/Java Escape	\u03fa

Unicode Properties

NFC Quick Check	Yes
NFD Quick Check	Yes
NFKC Quick Check	Yes
NFKD Quick Check	Yes
Numeric Type	None
Numeric Value	NaN
Line Break	Alphabetic
Uppercase	Yes
Simple Lowercase Code Point	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
Lowercase Code Point	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
Simple Case Folding	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
Case Folding	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
Cased	Yes
Changes When Casefolded	Yes
Changes When Casemapped	Yes
Changes When Lowercased	Yes
Changes When NFKC Casefolded	Yes
NFKC Casefold	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
NFKC Simple Casefold	"ϻ" U+03FB Greek Small Letter San
Script	Greek
Script Extensions	Greek
Indic Syllabic Category	Other
ID Start	Yes
XID Start	Yes
ID Continue	Yes
XID Continue	Yes
Alphabetic	Yes
Vertical Orientation	Rotated
Grapheme Base	Yes
Grapheme Cluster Break	Other
Word Break	Alphabetic letter
Sentence Break	Upper