U+8270 "艰" CJK Unified Ideograph-# Unicode Character
Unicode Version 17.0
艰
U+8270 "艰" CJK Unified Ideograph-# is a Chinese character that primarily means "difficult," "hard," or "arduous" in modern Mandarin, and it is commonly used in compound words like "艰苦" (jiānkǔ, meaning hardship) and "艰难" (jiānnán, meaning difficult). This ideograph has a long history and is derived from older script forms, where its structure combines the radical for "earth" or "cliff" with components suggesting labor or hardship, reflecting its semantic core of struggle or challenge. In everyday usage, "艰" carries connotations of perseverance through tough circumstances, making it a frequently encountered character in both literary and conversational contexts across the Chinese language.
General Properties
| Code Point | U+8270 |
| Version Added | 1.1 |
| Name | CJK Unified Ideograph-# |
| Block | CJK Unified Ideographs |
| General Category | Other Letter |
| Canonical Combining Class | Not Reordered |
| Bidirectional Class | Left To Right |
Encodings
| HTML Decimal Encoding | 艰 |
| HTML Hex Encoding | 艰 |
| UTF-8 Encoding | 0xE8 0x89 0xB0 |
| UTF-16 Encoding | 0x8270 |
| UTF-32 Encoding | 0x00008270 |
| C/C++/Java Escape | \u8270 |
Unicode Properties
Unihan Properties
| kCCCII | 27544E |
| kCangjie | EAV |
| kCantonese | gaan1 |
| kDefinition | difficult, hard; distressing |
| kEACC | 27544E |
| kFourCornerCode | 7743 |
| kGB0 | 2872 |
| kHanYu | 53171.010 |
| kHanyuPinlu | jiān(211) |
| kIICore | AG |
| kIRGHanyuDaZidian | 53171.010 |
| kIRGKangXi | 1013.261 |
| kIRG_GSource | G0-3C68 |
| kTGH | 2013:1335 |
| kKangXi | 1013.261 |
| kMainlandTelegraph | 5329 |
| kMandarin | jiān |
| kPhonetic | 546 575 |
| kRSUnicode | 138.2 29.6 |
| kSMSZD2003Index | 84.17 570.03 |
| kTGHZ2013 | 163.050:jiān |
| kTotalStrokes | 8 |
| kTraditionalVariant | "艱" U+8271 CJK Unified Ideograph-# |
| kUnihanCore2020 | G |
| kXHC1983 | 0549.010:jiān |