U+1EAD "ậ" Latin Small Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below Unicode Character
U+1EAD "ậ" Latin Small Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below is a composite glyph used primarily in the Vietnamese alphabet, where it represents the sound of the letter "a" pronounced with a mid falling-rising tone marked by the dot below and modified by the circumflex accent to indicate a vowel quality distinguished by a closer or higher articulation in certain dialects. This character is part of the Latin Extended Additional block and is formally encoded for use in romanized scripts for tonal languages, particularly in Vietnamese where it appears in words like "cậu," meaning "uncle" or "you" in formal address. It is typically formed by combining the base letter "a" with a combining circumflex accent and a combining dot below, allowing for precise representation of tone and vowel distinction in written communication.
General Properties
| Code Point | U+1EAD |
| Version Added | 1.1 |
| Name | Latin Small Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below |
| Block | Latin Extended Additional |
| General Category | Lowercase Letter |
| Canonical Combining Class | Not Reordered |
| Bidirectional Class | Left To Right |
| Decomposition Type | Canonical |
| Decomposition Mapping | "ạ" U+1EA1 Latin Small Letter A with Dot Below "̂" U+0302 Combining Circumflex Accent |
Encodings
| HTML Decimal Encoding | ậ |
| HTML Hex Encoding | ậ |
| UTF-8 Encoding | 0xE1 0xBA 0xAD |
| UTF-16 Encoding | 0x1EAD |
| UTF-32 Encoding | 0x00001EAD |
| C/C++/Java Escape | \u1ead |
Unicode Properties
| NFC Quick Check | Yes |
| NFKC Quick Check | Yes |
| Numeric Type | None |
| Numeric Value | NaN |
| Line Break | Alphabetic |
| Lowercase | Yes |
| Simple Uppercase Code Point | "Ậ" U+1EAC Latin Capital Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below |
| Simple Titlecase Code Point | "Ậ" U+1EAC Latin Capital Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below |
| Uppercase Code Point | "Ậ" U+1EAC Latin Capital Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below |
| Titlecase Code Point | "Ậ" U+1EAC Latin Capital Letter A with Circumflex and Dot Below |
| Cased | Yes |
| Changes When Casemapped | Yes |
| Changes When Titlecased | Yes |
| Changes When Uppercased | Yes |
| Script | Latin |
| Script Extensions | Latin |
| Indic Syllabic Category | Other |
| ID Start | Yes |
| XID Start | Yes |
| ID Continue | Yes |
| XID Continue | Yes |
| Alphabetic | Yes |
| Vertical Orientation | Rotated |
| Grapheme Base | Yes |
| Grapheme Cluster Break | Other |
| Word Break | Alphabetic letter |
| Sentence Break | Lower |