U+1E19 "ḙ" Latin Small Letter E with Circumflex Below Unicode Character
U+1E19 "ḙ" Latin Small Letter E with Circumflex Below is a precomposed character used in specific Latin orthographies, primarily for the transcription of certain African languages such as Venda. It represents the letter E modified by a combining circumflex accent placed beneath it, which indicates a distinct phonetic quality, often a lowered or breathy vowel tone, depending on the language's phonological rules. This character is part of the Latin Extended Additional block and is included in Unicode to support precise linguistic representation and digital text rendering for writing systems that require diacritical marks below the baseline. Its usage helps maintain accurate orthography and aids in the proper pronunciation and transcription of words in scholarly and practical contexts.
General Properties
| Code Point | U+1E19 |
| Version Added | 1.1 |
| Name | Latin Small Letter E with Circumflex Below |
| Block | Latin Extended Additional |
| General Category | Lowercase Letter |
| Canonical Combining Class | Not Reordered |
| Bidirectional Class | Left To Right |
| Decomposition Type | Canonical |
| Decomposition Mapping | "e" U+0065 Latin Small Letter E "̭" U+032D Combining Circumflex Accent Below |
Encodings
| HTML Decimal Encoding | ḙ |
| HTML Hex Encoding | ḙ |
| UTF-8 Encoding | 0xE1 0xB8 0x99 |
| UTF-16 Encoding | 0x1E19 |
| UTF-32 Encoding | 0x00001E19 |
| C/C++/Java Escape | \u1e19 |
Unicode Properties
| NFC Quick Check | Yes |
| NFKC Quick Check | Yes |
| Numeric Type | None |
| Numeric Value | NaN |
| Line Break | Alphabetic |
| Lowercase | Yes |
| Simple Uppercase Code Point | "Ḙ" U+1E18 Latin Capital Letter E with Circumflex Below |
| Simple Titlecase Code Point | "Ḙ" U+1E18 Latin Capital Letter E with Circumflex Below |
| Uppercase Code Point | "Ḙ" U+1E18 Latin Capital Letter E with Circumflex Below |
| Titlecase Code Point | "Ḙ" U+1E18 Latin Capital Letter E with Circumflex Below |
| Cased | Yes |
| Changes When Casemapped | Yes |
| Changes When Titlecased | Yes |
| Changes When Uppercased | Yes |
| Script | Latin |
| Script Extensions | Latin |
| Indic Syllabic Category | Other |
| ID Start | Yes |
| XID Start | Yes |
| ID Continue | Yes |
| XID Continue | Yes |
| Alphabetic | Yes |
| Vertical Orientation | Rotated |
| Grapheme Base | Yes |
| Grapheme Cluster Break | Other |
| Word Break | Alphabetic letter |
| Sentence Break | Lower |